Program Operator: Smart EPD®www.smartepd.comEnvironmental Product DeclarationIN ACCORDANCE WITH ISO 14025 AND ISO 21930:2017SmartEPD-2025-001-0490-01Stonshield AggregateDate of IssueJun 09, 2025Expiration dateJun 09, 2030Last updatedJun 09, 2025Refer to the EPD Library at www.smartepd.com for the latest EPD listing information
Stonshield AggregateStonhardGeneral Information Stonhard 1000 E. Park Ave., Maple Shade, NJ 080521-800-257-7953ctrageser@stonhard.com stonhard.comProduct Name:Stonshield AggregateDeclared Unit:1 kg Declaration Number:SmartEPD-2025-001-0490-01Date of Issue:June 09, 2025Expiration:June 09, 2030Last updated:June 09, 2025EPD Scope:Cradle to gate with other optionsA1 - A3, A4, A5, C1 - C4, D Market(s) of Applicability:North AmericaGeneral Organization InformationStonhard is the unprecedented leader in manufacturing and installing high performance floors. Our seamless, long lasting, easy to clean systems are engineered for both industrial and commercial markets. We also bring the same performance to our wall and lining systems. Joining form and function, our floors are the dependable go-to choice for tough manufacturing environments, while still honoring innovative design for commercial environments. Epoxy, urethane and fast-track methyl methacrylate resin-based systems deliver a broad range of options for every market and application.Stonhard manufactures and installs products throughout the world with headquarters in Maple Shade, New Jersey. Stonhard is an ISO-9001 registered company.Further information can be found at:https://www.stonhard.com/about-us/who-we-are/Limitations, Liability, and OwnershipEnvironmental declarations from different programs (ISO 14025) may not be comparable. Comparison of the environmental performance of products using EPD information shall be based on the product’s use and impacts at the building level, and therefore EPDs may not be used for comparability purposes when not considering the whole building life cycle. EPD comparability is only possible when all stages of a life cycle have been considered. However, variations and deviations are possible. Example of variations: Different LCA software and background LCI datasets may lead to differences results for upstream or downstream of the life cycle stages declared. The EPD owner has sole ownership, liability, and responsibility for the EPD.Reference StandardsStandard(s):ISO 14025 and ISO 21930:2017Core PCR:Smart EPD® Part A Product Category Rules for Building and Construction Products and Services, 1000, v1.01Date of issue: January 15, 2024Valid until: July 15, 2025Page 2 / 12
Stonshield AggregateStonhardSub-category PCR review panel:Contact Smart EPD for more information.General Program Instructions:Smart EPD General Program Instructions v.1.0, November 2022Verification InformationACLCA PCR Guidance Version:1.0ACLCA PCR Conformance Level:TransparencyLCA Author/Creator:Juan David Villegasjuan@parqhq.comEPD Program Operator:Smart EPDinfo@smartepd.comwww.smartepd.com585 Grove St., Ste. 145 PMB 966, Herndon, VA 20170, USAVerification:Independent critical review of the LCA and data, according to ISO 14044 and ISO 14071:ExternalRifat KarimIndependent Consultantrifat.chimique@gmail.comIndependent external verification of EPD, according to ISO 14025 and reference PCR(s):ExternalRifat KarimIndependent Consultantrifat.chimique@gmail.comProduct InformationDeclared Unit:1 kg Mass:1 kgReference Service Life:60 YearsProduct Specificity:Product AverageProduct SpecificProduct DescriptionStonshield Aggregate is a brightly colored, quartz broadcast aggregate.Further information can be found at:https://www.stonhard.com/products/stonshield/Product SpecificationsProduct Classification Codes:EC3 - Finishes -> Flooring -> OtherFlooringPage 3 / 12
Stonshield AggregateStonhardMaterial CompositionMaterial/Component CategoryOrigin% MassAggregate 79 - 100Polyol < 10Water < 10Packaging MaterialOriginkg MassSupersack 0.002Hazardous Materialsquartz (silicon dioxide) (14808-60-7)titanium dioxide (13463-67-7)EPD Data SpecificityPrimary Data Year:June 1st 2023 to May 31st 2024Manufacturing Specificity:Industry AverageManufacturer AverageFacility SpecificAveraging:Averaging was not conducted for this EPDPage 4 / 12
Stonshield AggregateStonhardSystem BoundaryProductionA1Raw material supplyA2TransportA3ManufacturingConstructionA4Transport to siteA5Assembly / InstallUseB1UseNDB2MaintenanceNDB3RepairNDB4ReplacementNDB5RefurbishmentNDB6Operational Energy UseNDB7Operational Water UseNDEnd of LifeC1DeconstructionC2TransportC3Waste ProcessingC4DisposalBenefits & Loads Beyond System BoundaryDRecycling, Reuse Recovery PotentialPlantsStonhard Fort WayneFort Wayne, IN, USAPage 5 / 12
Stonshield AggregateStonhardProduct Flow DiagramSoftware and DatabaseLCA Software:SimaPro v. 9.5LCI Foreground Database(s):Ecoinvent v. 3.9.1Page 6 / 12
Stonshield AggregateStonhardLCI Background Database(s):Ecoinvent v. 3.9.1Data QualityThe quality of inventory data is evaluated based on several criteria, including precision, completeness, consistency, and representativeness.Precision and completeness:• Precision: The inventory data used in this study were either directly measured, calculated, or estimated based on primary data sources, ensuring high precision. Background data from ecoinvent v3 database also has documented precision to the extent available.• Completeness: The product system's mass balance and inventory completeness were thoroughly checked. Some exclusions were made in line with the PCR requirements, such as personnel impacts, R&D activities, business travel, secondary packaging, point of sale infrastructure, and the coating applicator. However, no data was intentionally omitted.Consistency and reproducibility:• Consistency: Primary data were collected with a similar level of detail, while background data primarily came from the ecoinvent database, with other databases used only if necessary or more representative. The modeling approach and other methodological choices were applied consistently throughout the model.• Reproducibility: This study ensures reproducibility by providing comprehensive disclosure of input-output data, dataset choices, and modeling approaches. A knowledgeable third party should be able to approximate the results using the same data and modeling methods.Representativeness:• Temporal: Primary data were collected for a 12 month period starting on June 2023 and ending on May 2024 to ensure the representativeness of post-consumer content. Secondary data from the ecoinvent v3 database is typically representative of recent years.• Geographical: Primary data represent Stonhard's production facilities in Mapple Shade, NJ, US. Where applicable, differences in electric grid mix were considered using appropriate secondary data. The use of country-specific data ensures high geographical representativeness, and proxy data were only used when country-spe-cific data were unavailable..• Technological: Both primary and secondary data were tailored to the specific technologies studied, ensuring high technological representativeness.Life Cycle Module DescriptionsPrimary data were collected for a 12-month period from June 2023 and ending on May 2024 to ensure technical, geographical, and temporal representativeness. The manufacturing process starts with the reception of raw materials, typically in the form of chemical packages (cans, supersacks, bags, pails, among others). Next, the raw materials are mixed to forms resins and additives. After this step, the products are packaged and distributed to various distribution centers. Non-hazardous waste, consisting mainly of packaging waste materialas, is sent for disposal, incineration, and/or recycling. Hazardous waste consist on manufacturing, product losses and its disposal is model according to PCR descriptions (solvent-based coatings are incinerated for energy recovery and water-based coatings are sent to landfill).LCA DiscussionAllocation ProcedureAllocation of co-products was avoided, to the extent it was possible, based on the guidance given in ISO 14044:2006, 4.3., in ISO 21930:2017. Energy use and VOC emissions at the Maple Shade, NJ factory were allocated by mass. Overhead burdens (building heating and corporate use consumption) were excluded using a square footage factor, that benchmarked and validated with process engineering models of resinous floor coatings production. The process do not consume process water or generate wastewater . Solid waste was estimated using packaging masses and material losses and allocated following the polluter pays principle.Cut-off ProcedurePage 7 / 12
Stonshield AggregateStonhardThe system boundary was defined based on relevance to the goal of the study. For the raw material (A1) and process related inputs (A3), all available energy and material flow data have been included in the model. Exclusions allowed by the PCR such as secondary and tertiary packaging, were implemented, as well as overhead burdens such as building heating and corporate office consumption.Renewable ElectricityEnergy Attribute Certificates (EACs) such as Re-newable Energy Certificates (RECs) or Power Pur-chase Agreements (PPAs) are included in the baseline reported results:NoScenariosTransport to the building/construction site (A4)A4 ModuleFuel Type:DieselVehicle Type:Truck and TrailerTransport Distance:2.06E+03 kmCapacity Utilization:33 %Packaging Mass:2.35E-03 kgWeight of products transported:1.002E+00 kgCapacity utilization volume factor:=1Assumptions for scenario development:Transport distance includes finished product to distribution center and distribution center to point of sale.Installation in to the building/construction site (A5)A5 ModuleProduct Lost per Declared/Functional Unit:0.02 kgWaste Materials at the Construction Site Before Waste Processing:2.24E-02 kgMass of Packaging Waste Specified by Type:2.353e-03 kgBiogenic Carbon Contained in Packaging:0 kgDirect Emissions to Ambient Air, Soil and Water:0 kgVOC Emissions:0 ug/m3End of Life (C1 - C4)C1 - C4 ModulesCollection ProcessCollected with Mixed Construction Waste: 9.800e-01 kgRecoveryPage 8 / 12
Stonshield AggregateStonhardLandfill: 9.800e-01 kgReuse, Recovery and / or Recycling Potentials & Relevant Scenario Information (D)D ModuleRecycling Rate of Product:0 %Recycled Content of Product:0 %Net Energy Benefit from Energy Recovery from Waste Treatment Declared as Export Energy in C3:0 MJNet Energy Benefit from Thermal Energy Due to Treatment of Waste Declared as Exported Energy in C4:0 MJNet Energy Benefit from Material Flow Declared in C3 for Energy Recovery:0 MJProcess and Conversion Efficiencies:1:1 functional equivalency of recycled packaging materialFurther assumptions for scenario development:Environmental benefits and loads beyond the system boundary are linked to the recycling of a fraction of the packaging waste in A3 and A5 (ISO 21930 7.1.7.6)ResultsEnvironmental Impact Assessment ResultsIPCC AR5 GWP 100, TRACI 2.1per 1 kg of product .LCIA results are relative expressions and do not predict impacts on category endpoints, the exceeding of thresholds, safety margins or risks.Impact CategoryMethodUnitA1A2A3A4A5C1C2C3C4DGWP-totalIPCC AR5 GWP 100kg CO2-eq3.14e-12.18e-11.56e-203.38e-302.03e-1-2.81e-2ODPTRACI 2.1kg CFC-11 eq5.90e-93.74e-93.06e-1005.80e-1105.56e-9-1.24e-10APTRACI 2.1kg SO2 eq1.20e-36.95e-45.25e-501.08e-507.02e-4-5.07e-5EPTRACI 2.1kg N eq7.41e-41.92e-43.29e-502.98e-607.00e-4-1.75e-5POCPTRACI 2.1kg O3 eq2.16e-21.59e-29.92e-402.47e-401.14e-2-1.39e-3Note:Not all abbreviated indicators listed below may be present in the results above. The inclusion of indicators varies based on PCR requirements.Abbreviations:GWP = Global Warming Potential, 100 years (may also be denoted as GWP-total, GWP-fossil (fossil fuels), GWP-biogenic (biogenic sources), GWP-luluc (land use and land use change)), ODP = Ozone Depletion Potential, AP = Acidification Potential, EP = Eutrophication Potential, SFP = Smog Formation Potential, POCP = Photochemical oxidant creation potential, ADP-Fossil = Abiotic depletion potential for fossil resources, ADP-Minerals&Metals = Abiotic depletion potential for non-fossil resources, WDP = Water deprivation potential, PM = Particular Matter Emissions, IRP = Ionizing radiation, human health, ETP-fw = Eco-toxicity (freshwater), HTP-c = Human toxicity (cancer), HTP-nc = Human toxicity (non-cancer), SQP = Soil quality index.Comparisons cannot be made between product-specific or industry average EPDs at the design stage of a project, before a building has been specified. Comparisons may be made between product-specific or industry average EPDs at the time of product purchase when product performance and specifications have been established and serve as a functional unit for comparison. Environmental impact results shall be converted to a functional unit basis before any comparison is attempted. Any comparison of EPDs shall be subject to the requirements of ISO 21930 or EN 15804. EPDs are not comparative assertions and are either not comparable or have limited comparability when they have different system boundaries. EPDs are not comparative assertions and are either not comparable or have limited comparability when they have different system boundaries, are based on different product category rules or are missing relevant environmental impacts. Such comparison can be inaccurate, and could lead to erroneous selection of materials or products which are higher-impact, at least in some impact categories.Page 9 / 12
Stonshield AggregateStonhardResource Use Indicatorsper 1 kg of product .IndicatorUnitA1A2A3A4A5C1C2C3C4DRPREMJ7.36e-23.01e-23.12e-304.68e-405.17e-2-2.36e-3RPRMMJ8.95e-19.96e-33.29e-201.55e-407.40e-1-7.47e-4RPRTMJ9.69e-14.01e-23.60e-206.23e-407.92e-1-3.11e-3NRPREMJ4.99e+03.16e+02.10e-104.91e-202.27e+0-4.56e-1NRPRMMJ1.13e-45.45e-55.51e-608.46e-701.07e-4-2.10e-6NRPRTMJ4.99e+03.16e+02.10e-104.91e-202.27e+0-4.56e-1ADPFMJ6.03e-14.44e-12.39e-206.90e-301.40e-1-6.64e-2FWm32.36e-34.13e-47.64e-506.42e-609.76e-4-2.98e-5REMJ00000000RSFMJ00000000NRSFMJ00000000SMkg00000000Note:Not all abbreviated indicators listed below may be present in the results above. The inclusion of indicators varies based on PCR requirements.Abbreviations:RPRE or PERE = Renewable primary resources used as energy carrier (fuel), RPRM or PERM = Renewable primary resources with energy content used as material, RPRT or PERT = Total use of renewable primary resources with energy content, NRPRE or PENRE = Non-renewable primary resources used as an energy carrier (fuel), NRPRM or PENRM = Non-renewable primary resources with energy content used as material, NRPRT or PENRT = Total non-renewable primary resources with energy content, SM = Secondary materials, RSF = Renewable secondary fuels, NRSF = Non-renewable secondary fuels, RE = Recovered energy, ADPF = Abiotic depletion potential, FW = Use of net freshwater resources, VOCs = Volatile Organic Compounds.Waste and Output Flow Indicatorsper 1 kg of product .IndicatorUnitA1A2A3A4A5C1C2C3C4DHWDkg2.00e-202.04e-20001.00e+00NHWDkg2.05e-202.55e-300000MRkg1.33e-402.14e-40000-3.45e-4MERkg00000000ILLRWm300000000HLLRWm300000000Note:Not all abbreviated indicators listed below may be present in the results above. The inclusion of indicators varies based on PCR requirements.Abbreviations:HWD = Hazardous waste disposed, NHWD = Non-hazardous waste disposed, RWD = Radioactive waste disposed, HLRW = High-level radioactive waste, ILLRW = Intermediate- and low-level radioactive waste, CRU = Components for re-use, MFR or MR = Materials for recycling, MER = Materials for energy recovery, MNER = Materials for incineration, no energy recovery, EE or EEE = Recovered energy exported from the product system, EET = Exported thermal energy.Significant data limitations currently exist within the LCI data used to generate waste metrics for Life Cycle Assessments and Environmental Product Declarations. The waste metrics were calculated in a way conformant with the requirements of ISO 21930:2017, but these values represent rough estimates and are for informational purposes only. As such, no decisions regarding actual cradle-grave waste performance between products should be derived from these reported valuesPage 10 / 12
Stonshield AggregateStonhardCarbon Emissions and Removalsper 1 kg of product .IndicatorUnitA1A2A3A4A5C1C2C3C4DBio Carbon Removal from Productkg C00000000Bio Carbon Emission from Productkg C00000000Bio Carbon Removal from Packagingkg C-8.46e-30000000Bio Carbon Emission from Packagingkg C8.46e-30000000Bio Carbon Emission from Waste during Manufac-turing (renewable source)kg C00000000Calcination Carbon Re-movalkg C00000000Carbonation Carbon Emissionkg C00000000Carbon Emission from Waste during Manu-facturing (non-renewable source)kg C00000000Note:Not all abbreviated indicators listed below may be present in the results above. The inclusion of indicators varies based on PCR requirements.Abbreviations:BCRP = Biogenic Carbon Removal from Product, BCEP = Biogenic Carbon Emission from Product, BCRK = Biogenic Carbon Removal from Packaging, BCEK = Biogenic Carbon Emission from Packaging, BCEW = Biogenic Carbon Emission from Combustion of Waste from Renewable Sources Used in Production Processes, CCE = Calcination Carbon Emissions, CCR = Carbonation Carbon Removals, CWNR = Carbon Emissions from Combustion of Waste from Non-Renewable Sources used in Production Processes, GWP-luc = Carbon Emissions from Land-use Change.Impact Scaling FactorsProduct Name and/or Product AttributeProduct Specific Functional/Declared Unit MultiplierInterpretationRaw materials are sourced from suppliers, transported to manufacturing facilities, and mixed to produce products. The product stage (A1-A3) has the highest environmental impact, especially due to raw material production and energy use, impact amplified in the use phase (B4) from recoatings. The Market scenario shows higher use-phase impacts due to a shorter estimated service life (ESL).End-of-life impacts are relatively low, as products are assumed to be landfilled with building demolition waste. Switching to renewable energy is advised for products with high manufacturing energy demands. The manufacturer should explore lower-impact raw materials and work with suppliers using sustainable methods or renewable energy to enhance product sustainability.The environmental impact results of products in this document are based on a declared unit and therefore do not provide sufficient information to establish comparisons. The results shall not be used for comparisons without knowledge of how the physical properties of the product impact the precise function at the construction level. The environmental impact results shall be converted to a functional unit basis before any comparison is attempted.A manufacturer shall not make claims based on an industry-average EPD which leads the market to believe the industry-average is representative of manufacturer-spe-cific or product-specific results.Page 11 / 12
Stonshield AggregateStonhard0%20%40%60%80%100%GWP-totalODPAPEPPOCPProduction (A1 - A3)Construction (A4 - A5)End of Life (C1 - C4)Additional Environmental InformationNoneFurther InformationAdditional product informationProduct density, 2.614 g/cm3VOC content0 g/lReferences• ISO 14025, Environmental labels and declarations -- Type III environmental declarations -- Principles and procedures, ISO14025:2006• ISO 21930, Sustainability in buildings and civil engineering works Core rules for environmental product declarations of construction products and services. ISO21930:2017• NSF International, Product Category Rules for Environmental Product Declarations for Resinous Floor Coatings, NSF International:2023.• ISO 14044, Environmental management - Life cycle assessment - Requirements and guidelines, ISO14044:2006.• Ecoinvent v3.9.1, December 2022. The ecoinvent database: Overview and methodology, Data quality guideline for the ecoinvent database version 3, [www.ecoin-vent.org](http://www.ecoinvent.org/)• Bare, J. C. TRACI 2.0 - The Tool for the Reduction and Assessment of Chemical and other environmental Impacts. CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY. Springer-Verlag, New York, NY.Page 12 / 12
